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首頁(yè) > 技術(shù)與支持 > Visual Basic串口通訊調(diào)試方法
Visual Basic串口通訊調(diào)試方法
點(diǎn)擊次數(shù):4974 更新時(shí)間:2009-12-25

Visual Basic串口通訊調(diào)試方法

  現(xiàn)有電子秤一臺(tái),使用串口與計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行通訊。編寫VB程序來(lái)訪問(wèn)串口,達(dá)到讀取電子秤上顯示的數(shù)據(jù)。該電子秤為BE01型儀表,輸出為RS-232C標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接口,波特率為300-9600、偶校驗(yàn)、7個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)位、2個(gè)停止位。所有字符均發(fā)送11位ASCII碼,一個(gè)起始位。在VB中與串口通訊需要引入控件MSComm串口通訊控件(在Microsoft Comm Control 6.0中)。具體程序如下:控件簡(jiǎn)稱:MSC

Dim Out(12) As Byte '接收var中的值
Dim var As Variant '接收MSC.input中的數(shù)值
Dim nRece As Integer '計(jì)算MSC.inputbuffer的個(gè)數(shù)
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer '隨即變量,計(jì)算循環(huán)

****************************************************************************

Private Sub Form_Load()
 ClearText
 With MSC
  .CommPort = 1 '設(shè)置Com1為通信端口
  .Settings = "9600,E,7,2" '設(shè)置通信端口參數(shù) 9600赫茲、偶校驗(yàn)、7個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)位、1個(gè)停止位.(這里需要進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明的是:.Setting=”BBBB,P,D,S”。
  含義是:B:Baud Rate(波特率);P:Parity(奇偶);D:Data Bit;S:Stop Bit)

  .InBufferSize = 40 '設(shè)置緩沖區(qū)接收數(shù)據(jù)為40字節(jié)
  .InputLen = 1 '設(shè)置Input一次從接收緩沖讀取字節(jié)數(shù)為1
  .RThreshold = 1 '設(shè)置接收一個(gè)字節(jié)就產(chǎn)生OnComm事件

 End With

End Sub

****************************************************************************

Private Sub ClearText()
 Text3.Text = ""
 Text2.Text = "5"
 Text1.Text = ""
End Sub

Private Sub Command1_Click()
 ClearText
 ' nRece = 0 '計(jì)數(shù)器清零
 With MSC
  .InputMode = comInputModeBinary '設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)接收模式為二進(jìn)制形式
  .InBufferCount = 0 '清除接收緩沖區(qū)
  If Not .PortOpen Then
   .PortOpen = True '打開(kāi)通信端口
  End If
 End With
End Sub

Private Sub MSC_OnComm()
 DelayTime ‘用來(lái)延續(xù)時(shí)間
 ClearText
 With MSC
  Select Case .CommEvent '判斷通信事件
  Case comEvReceive: '收到Rthreshold個(gè)字節(jié)產(chǎn)生的接收事件
   SwichVar 1
   If Out(1) = 2 Then '判斷是否為數(shù)據(jù)的開(kāi)始標(biāo)志
    .RThreshold = 0 '關(guān)閉OnComm事件接收
   End If
   Do
    DoEvents
   Loop Until .InBufferCount >= 3 '循環(huán)等待接收緩沖區(qū)>=3個(gè)字節(jié)
   ' nRece = nRece + 1
   For i = 2 To 12
    SwichVar i
    Text1.Text = Text1.Text & Chr(Out(i))
   Next
   Text1.Text = LTrim(Text1.Text)
   Text2.Text = Text2.Text & CStr(nRece)
   .RThreshold = 1 '打開(kāi)MSComm事件接收
  Case Else
   ' .PortOpen = False
  End Select
 End With

End Sub

****************************************************************************

Private Sub DelayTime()

 Dim bDT As Boolean
 Dim sPrevious As Single, sLast As Single

 bDT = True

 sPrevious = Timer (Timer可以計(jì)算從子夜到現(xiàn)在所經(jīng)過(guò)的秒數(shù),在Microsoft Windows中,Timer函數(shù)可以返回一秒的小數(shù)部分)

 Do While bDT
  If Timer - sPrevious >= 0.3 Then bDT = False
 Loop
 bDT = True

End Sub

(通信傳輸速率為9600bps,則zui快速度1.04ms發(fā)送一個(gè)字節(jié),儀表每秒發(fā)送50幀數(shù)據(jù),每幀數(shù)據(jù)有4個(gè)字節(jié),即每秒發(fā)送200個(gè)字節(jié),平均5.0ms 發(fā)送一個(gè)字節(jié),連續(xù)讀取串口數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)要在程序中添加循環(huán)等待程序)

Private Sub SwichVar(ByVal nNum As Integer)

 DelayTime
 var = Null
 var = MSC.Input
 Out(nNum) = var(0)

End Sub

(設(shè)置接收數(shù)據(jù)模式采用二進(jìn)制形式,即 InputMode=comInputModeBinary,但用Input屬性讀取數(shù)據(jù)時(shí),不能直接賦值給 Byte 類型變量,只能通過(guò)先賦值給一個(gè) Variant 類型變量,返回一個(gè)二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)的數(shù)組,再轉(zhuǎn)換保存到Byte類型數(shù)變量中。)

Private Sub Text1_Change()

 Text3.Text = CText(Text1.Text) - CText(Text2.Text)

End Sub

****************************************************************************

Private Function CText(ByVal str As String) As Currency

 If str <> "" Then
  CText = CCur(Val(str))
 Else
  CText = 0
 End If

End Function